Pulley-block.



PATENTED JAN. 30, 1906.

I P. P. WHITESIDE. PULLEY BLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

IN VENTOR.

'No. 811,191. PATENTED JAN. 30

P. P. WHITESIDE.

PULLEY BLOCK.

APPLICATION FILBDMAY 19, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

\ y l K witnesses \9.(/ CWK UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 36, 1906.

Application filed May 19, 1906. Serial No. 261,247-

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANKPAUL WHITE- SIDE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Youngstown, in the county of Mahoning and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pulley-Blocks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hoisting appliances, and has specially in view the pro vision of a simple and thoroughly practical construction of pulley-blocks possessing utility for hoisting purposes generally.-

In those types of pulley-blocks (or fpulleys', as they are sometimes termed) in which the sheave or wheel member is mounted upon-an axle pin or bolt it is almost impossible to provide such a mounting for the sheave as to insure a true noiseless running thereof. Also in this type of pulley-blocks the absence of an even bearing for the sheave or wheel member results in an uneven running of the latter, with the conse uence of luickly impairing the efficiency of t e block.

lso a common objection to the ordinary pulley-block with an axle pin or bolt is the shearing strain exerted by the sheaveon the said pin or bolt, which often entirely cuts away the bearing-support for the sheave. Furthermore, in such construction the sheave readily becomes rusted to its bearings and in being useois very noisy and generally unsatisfactory.

The present invention contemplates a construction having for a general object to obviate all of the foregoing ob'ections to the ordinary ty e of pulley bloclc having an axle pin or bot bearing for the sheave member thereof.

Therefore the primary object of the invention is to rovide a construction of pulleyblock whic entirely dispenses with an axle pin or bolt and provides ai'igid bearing for the sheavev at a plurality of points and so distributes the bearing-points as to insure an even and true bearing for the sheave.

A further obj ect'of .the invention is to provide wide strongly-reinforced bearin s at opposite sides of the sheave-hub in ad ition to a central bearing about which the sheave. or pulley member rotates, thus e ually dis tributing the strains upon the s cave and correcting any tendency to yield to side strain n any direction. This phase of the; Invention provides means for taking care of the shearing strain to which pulley-blocks are subjected.

The invention also has for its object theprovision of a sectional and separable construction of block the separate sections .of which while readily separable are securely interlocked in their matching relation to provide a complete casingor housing for the sheave.

The invention also contemplates a construction of 'pulley-block which permits of a rope bridle being formed as a part of the block-body.

Though the invention is capableof general application for hoisting urposes, the same possesses special utility ibr nautical equip ment.

With these and other objects in view, which will more readily appear as the nature of the invention is better understood,the same consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement ofparts, which will be hereinafter more fully illustrated, described, and claimed.

The essential features of the invention involved in carrying out the objects above indicated are necessarily susceptible to "structural change without departing from the scope of the invention; but a preferred embodiment thereof is shown in the accompanying drawings, in whichblock embodying the present invention and illustrating one means of hanging the same through the medium of an integral bridle attachment. Fig. 2 is an enlarged central longitudinal sectional view of the pulleyblock. Figs. 3 and 4 are inner face elevations, respectively, of the opposite cheekplates of the single formof pulleyblock. Fig. 5 is a detail elevation of a fragment of the sheave or pulley-Wheel member, illustrating the preferable arrangement of the suction-holes to provide a pumping action for the lubricant. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view of a portion of the slngle form Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pulleyof block-body, omitting the sheave or wheel I member to illustrate more plainly the construction of the bearing-sup vorts for such member. Fig. 7 is a sectiona view of a double form of pulley-block, illustrative of the adaptability of the improvements to the formation of multiple pulleys in which two, three, or more sheaves are employed. Fig. 8

is an enlarged sectional view of another modification of the invention, showing the transposition. of the bearing-shoulders from the cheek-plates of the block-body to opposite sides of the central hub portion of the sheave or wheel member.

Like reference-numerals designate corresponding parts in the several figures of the drawings.

The invention embodies certain distinctive features common to all modifications thereof-namely, an improved bearing-mounting for the sheave or wheel member and a sectional and separable construction of block-body.

These improvements are well exemplified in the single form of pulley-block illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, of the drawings and to which construction reference will first be made.

The pulley-block in its single form primarily consists of ablock-body (designated in its entirety by the numeral 1 and a sheave or wheel member 2, journaled within the block-' body and subserving the usual functions of a pulley-wheel. The said block-body is of a sectional and separable construction, the same consisting of the opposite cheek-plates 3 and 4, designed to be securely interlocked in their matching and closed relation, while at the same time bein capable of disconnection for the purpose 0 opening up the blockbody through the medium of a rotary or axial movement of the cheek-plates in opposite directi'ons, as plainly indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 1 of'the drawings.

The opposite separably-interlocked cheeklates 3 and 4 are channeled out upon their inner faces to provide an opening of sufficient size to confine therein the sheave or wheel member 2?, while at the same time permitting the free rotation of the latter. At the end of what may be termed the wheel-opening 5 of the block-body the cheek -plates 3 ands are provided with the matching and interlocked end members 6 and 7, respectively. These end members of the separate cheek-plates are designed to be interlocked through the medium of any suitable mechanical expedients which ermit of the separation or disconnection 0% the cheek-plates without disturbing the bearing mountin or support for the sheave or wheel mem er 2. A simple and practical construction for this purpose is illustrated in the drawings and consists in providing the end members of one of the cheekplates-for instance, the members 6 of the cheeksplate 3with headed, dovetailed, or equivalent shaped retaining-ton es 8, offset from the inner faces of the sai members 6 and adapted to slide into'and out of engagement with correspondinglyshaped shoule'red holding-grooves 9, formed in the opposing inner faces of the end members 7 of the opposite cheek-plate 4. These registering and interlocking tongues and grooves 8 and 9 carried by the opposite end members 6 and 7 of the separate cheek-plates, positively prevent a lateral separation of the cheek-plates, while at the same time permitting a ready disconnection of the latter through the medium of a rotary or axial turning movement of the said plates in opposite directions. To permit of and provide for this action, the interlocking tongues and grooves 8 and 9 extend transversely across the inner faces of the end members 6 and 7 and are struck on curved lines concentric with the axis of the sheave or wheel member 2, as plainly shown in detail Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings. It will thus be seen that when it is desired to open up the pulley-block or casing member to expose the sheave for placing or removing the rope it is simply necessary to simultaneously turn the separate cheek-plates 3 and 4 in opposite directions. This causes the retaining-tongues to slide out of engagement with their complemental holding-grooves 9. A reverse movement carries the tongues back into engagement with the grooves and reestablishes the interlocked relation of the separate cheek-plates of the pulley-block. This interlocked relation may be maintained, so as to prevent accidental separation or disconnection of the cheeks through the medium of a separate locking device 10, which may conveniently be in the form of a screw or bolt passed through and engaging both of the cheek-plates. However, any equivalent expedient may obviously be resorted to as a separate locking device.

The pulley-block 1 may be provided with any suitable means, as an eye, a hook, or the like, such as common to the ordinary pulley-blocks for the purpose of hanging the same; but an improvement which may be utilized in' this connection is shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, of the drawings and consists in providing the pulley-block with a ropebridle attachment. This rope-bridle attachment may be formed as an integral part of one of the cheek-plates 3 and essentially consists of a hook element 11, projected from one of the end members 6 of the cheek-plate 3 as an integral part and formed at its bight with a curved rope saddle 12, designed to freely accommodate therein the hanger rope or sling 13. In connection with this integral bridle attachment projected from an end of one of the cheek-plates a practical improvement that may be resorted to. consists in forming one end of the hook element with a rabbeted locking-terminal 14, having a matching and registering engagement with a correspondingly-rabbetd seat 15, provided at the extremity of one end of member 7 of the cheek-plate 4, so that when the cheek plates are in a closed interlocked relation there is a complemental registering fit between the terminal 14 and the seat 15 to provide a flush-joint connection at that point, as

Ills

clearlyillustrated in l igs. 1 and 2 oi the drawings; Also, the said rabbeted locking-termimu 14 preferably has formed on the outer side thereof a headed or equivalent-shaped "retaining-tongue 16, slidably interlocking with a correspondingly-shaped shouldered holding-groove 17, formed in the inner face ofthe rabbetcd seat 15. The said tongues and grooves 16 and 17 are arranged.concentrio with the tongues and grooves Z"; and 2), so as to have a corresponding locking and interlocking action as the separate cheel-:-plates are rotated or turned in opposite (ill't-KitlOIlS.

While the construction of the bridle attachment is one of the preferred expeclients that may be resorted to in carrying out the invention, it will be understood, as stated, that other means may he en'iployed for connecting up the rope sling or hanger with the pulley-block. This part of the invention will of course necessarily vary according to the particular class of equipment with which the pulley-block may be associated.

To provide the in'iproved bearing for the sheave or wheel member 2, the opposite cheek-plates 3 and 4 are. formed at their innersides with the centrally-located inwardlyprojected annular bearing-Shooldcrs 18. At the base of the said shoulders the plates are also preferably formed with slightly-oil'set clearance-shoulders it), which lie at. the outer sides of the sheave-hub 2t) and subserve somewhat the function of alining elements For Inaii'itaining the sheave correctly positioned within the block-body upon its bearings and at the same time holding the sheave so centered within the block body as to maintain the same out of contact with the checkplates. However, one of the distinctive and important features of the iulley-niounting is the annular bearing-shoulders 18, projected inwardly from the opposite cheek-plates 3 and 4. These wide annular bearing-shoulders 18 constitute the principal lmaring-sup ort tor the sheave or wheel member and ihosely, though snugly, register within the circular bearing-sockets 21, formed in the center of the sheave-hub 20 at opposite sides thereof, as best shown in Fig. 2 of the draw ings. It will thus be seen that the sheavehu b 20 has a direct journal or hearing mounting upon oppositely-arranged wide bearingshoulders 18, thus evenly distriluiting not only the side strains that may be imposed updnthe sheave, but also relieving the shearing strain, which is such an important factor todispose of in block-and-taeklc fixtures. .lnwthe preferred construction being described the sheave or wheel member 2 is also provided with a central bearing-opening 23, which receives a hollow journal-stud 24, projected integrally from the inner side of one of the cheek-plates 4 and a sufficient distance beyond the annular beuring-shoulder 18 of such plate to engage a retaining-socket 25,

formed centrally in the inner face of the op posite cheek-plate 3. Though not receiving the direct bearing strain ol' the sheave or wheel l'nember in the same sense as the main annular bearing-shoulders 18, yet the hollow journal-stud 24 constitutes a third central bearing-point for the sheave or wheel memher and materially contributes to the even and rigid bearing for the said sheave.

In addition to the function ascribed to it it will be observed that the journabstud 24 also constitutes a third and central point of engagement between the separate cheekplates 3 and 4 of the block-body, and therefore combines with the end interlockingconnections 8 and 9 to provide for connecting the cheek-plates at a plurality of points, thus greatly strengthening and reinforcing the block-hmly [it the same time the journalstud 24 serves in the capacity of a trunnion upon which the cheek-plates rotate when the interlocking elements thereof are turned into and out of engagement.

The journal-stud 24 is hollow thriuighout, and at the end thereof fitting in the socket 25 the same is provided with a short in teriorly threaded portion 26, adapted to receive the inner end of a retaining-scrim 27, the head of whichserew engages the chock-plate 3, and therefore provides means-whereby through the tightening up of the same any looseness in the bearing for the sheave or wheel member may be readily taken up. in this par-- ticular the screw .27 performs the function of an adjusting device for the bearii'ig, while at too the same time necessarily performing its other functions of a retaining member for holding the cheek-plates against lateral sepa-- ration when disconnected at their ends and that of a closure for one end of the oil-chamber 28, formed in the stud 24. The opposite end of said oil-chamber is closed by a re1novable screw-closure plug 29.

The oil-chamber 228 is designed to be. filled with lubricant, and to provide for distributing the same to the bearings for the sheave or wheel member the stud 24 is provided with cireulating-ports 30, piercing the same within the plane of the central bearirig-opening 23 of the sheave. In addition to the circulatingports 30 I alsopreferably provide inthe faces of the annular bearing-shoulders 18 shallow lubricant-pockets 31, which are arranged within the circular plane of the siu-tion-holes 32, formed transversely through the web por tion of the sheave-hub 20. The suction-holes 32 are preferably arranged at diametrically opposite points and p erce the web of the hub 20 at an angle or obliquely. '1 he oppos1telylocated holes 32 are inclined, respectivelfv", 1T1 opposite or reverse direction, so that as the sheave or wheel member rotates the same necessarily produces a suction within the holes 3'2.of sullicient intensity to constantly draw lubricant from the oil-clnimbcr 2S and 1 0 the invention it is entirely practicable to multiply the number of sheaves or wheels indefinitely and at the same time provide for each of such sheaves or wheel members a bearingmounting substantially like that already described. in connection with a single form of pulley-block. In this multiple-pulley-block construction the general thought preserved throughout is that or constructing the separate parts of the block alternately male and set annular bearing shoulders 1 female in order to maintain the idea of the hollow journal-stud carried by one plate and registering in a retaining-socket formed in the directly-opposite plate. This construction, is plainly shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings, in which the sectional and separable block-body is represented as being composed of opposite cheek-plates 3 and 4, respectively, and an intermediate body-plate 33. Each of the cheek-plates 3 and 4 has a separable interlocked tongue-andgroovc connection 8 with the intermediate body-plate 33, preferably of the same character as that already described in connection with the single form of pulley-block; but by reason of having the cheek-plates 2 u and 4?, respectively, upon opposite sides of the intermediate plate 33 separate wheel-openings 5* are provided in the block-body for the accommodation therein of a pair of sheaves or wheel members In other respects the bearing-mounting for each of the wheel members 2 in the multiple-pulley formation (shown in Fig. 7) is thesaine as already described in connection with the single form of pulley-block, as indicated by the same reference-numerals designating similar parts. Aside from the single and multiple pulleyblock formation the improvements described hcrein may be employed in modified structures such, for instance, as suggested in Fig. 8 of the drawings. This modification illustrates a form of the invention wherein the position of the several elements of the bearing are transposed or reversed from the positions shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings'i. c., those elements of the bearing carried by the cheeleplates are transposed to the sheave hub, and vice versa. Referring more particularly and definitely to Fig. 8 of the drawings, it will be observed that in the modification shown therein the sheave-hub 20 is provided upon opposite sides thereof with the wide oil'- though loosely, turning in the circular bearing-sockets 21, formed centrally in the inner sides or faces of-thecheek-plates 3* and 4 respectively. Also in this modified construction the sheave-hub 20 is shown provided at opposite sides thereof with the short out- Wardly-proj ecting journal-studs 24: turmng in the circular bearing-openings 28*, provided in the cheek-plates 3 and 4 thus completing a bearing mounting for the sheave or wheel member in which all the elements of the bearing preserve identically the same operative relation as the bearing elements illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings. Furthermore, in the modified construction shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings the bore or opening through the hub 20 of the sheave or Wheel member constitutes the oil-chamber 28 from which the lubricant is carried through a plurality of ports 30- to the various points of the bearing provided by the shoulders 18 and the journal-studs 23*. To assist in pro erly maintaining the cheeks together at t e center and to provide a trunnion upon which the cheek-plates may be rotated in engaging and disengaging the same, there is employed a'retaining-bolt 34, extending longitudinally through the bore or chamber 28 of the sheavcdiub and carrying at one end a head 13.5, engaging upon the outer side of and interlocked with the cheek-plate 3 The other endot' the bolt is threaded, as at 36, to accommodate thereon a securing-nut 37 which interlocks with the outer side of the cheekplate 4-". The head 35 and the nut 37 also constitute closures for the ends of the oilchamber 28. Y

Other equivalent modifications will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

From the foregoing it isthought that the construction, operation, and many advantages of the herein-described pulley-block will be readily apparent without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the scope of the invention or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof. 7

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

1. A pulley-block comprising a body member and a wheel member, oneot said members having rigid therewith opposite projecting annular bcaring-shoulders, and the other member being provided therein with bearing-socltets receiving said shoulders, said registering shoulders and recesses constituting the sole journal-support and bearing for the wheel member.

A pulley-block comprising a body memher and a wheel member, one of 52th members having or posite projecting annular bearing-shoulders, and a hollow journal-stud, and

theother of said members having op osite bearing-sockets receiving the said shou ders.

3. A pulle -block comprising a block-body consisting oi separably-interlocked sections provided with rigid annular bearing-shoulders, and a sheave or wheel member mounted within the block-body and having bearing sockets receiv' said shoulders.

4. Apulley-b oek comprising a block-body having a wheel-opening and consistin of sep *arate members havin a central trunnion concentral trunnion connection and provi ed at the ends respectively with interlocking tongues and grooves, and a sheave hav' a bearing-mounting witlnn the block body, independent of the trunnion connection. n

7. A pulley-block comprising a block-body consisting of opposite cheek-plates, one of which is provided at its ends with headed retamin -tongues, and the other of which is provi ed in corresponding positions with shouldered holding-grooves receiving and interlocking with'said tongues, the interlock-- ing tongues and grooves being arranged concentric with the wheel-axis, and the sheave or wheel member mounted the blockbody.

8. A pulley-block comprising-a block member consisting of separate cheek-plates having a central trunnion connection and opposite matching end members, the end members of one of the cheek-plates being provided with headed retaining-tongues extending transversely and arranged on a curve concentric with the trunnion connection, and the other of said members being provided with corresp ondingly shouldered holding grooves receiving the said tongues, and the sheave or wheel member mounted within the blockbo 9. A pulley-block comprising a block-body provided at one end with a bridle attachment andconsistin of separably-interlocked cheeklates, and tie sheave mounted within the lock-body.

10. A pulley-block comprising separablyinterlocked cheek-plates, one of which is pro vided with a bridle attachment having aseparably-interlocked connection with the other cheek-plate, and the sheave mounted within the block-body.

11. A pulley-block com rising a sectional blockbody consisting 0 separate cheekplates having interlocked connections which are engaged and disengaged through rotary or axial movement of the plates, one of said cheek-plates being provided with a bridle attachment havin an interlocked connection with the other e eek-plate, said latter interlocked connection being also engaged and disengaged through the said rotary or axial movement of the cheek-plates, and the sheave.

v 12. A pulley-block comprising a blockbody havin op osite cheek-plates provided with centradly-lbcated inwardly-projecting annular bearing-shoulders, one of said plates bein further provided at the center in its inner side with a retaining-socket, and the other of said plates being further provided with an oflstan 'ding journal-stud having one end there.

of engaged in said socket, and a sheave or wheel member having a central bearing-openin receiving the journal-stud and also provided at opposite sides ofits hub with circular bearing-sockets receiving said annular bearing-shoulders.

13. A pulley-block comprising a blockbody having opposite cheek-platesprovided at the center with inwardly-projecting annu lar bearing-shoulders and at the bases of the bearing-shoulders with ofiset clearance-shoulders, one of said cheek-plates being further provided with a retaining-socket and the other ofs 'd plates being provided with a j ournalstu fitting in said socket, the sheave or wheel member having its hub arranged between such clearance-shoulders and provided with a central bearing-opening receiving the journal-stud and with op osite bearin -sockets receivi the annular earin -shoul ers, and a retaining and adjustin evice en aging one ,end' of the journal-Stu and the ad acent cheek-plate.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses. FRANK PAUL WHITESIDE. Witnesses:

J. KL MoOLUNc, Soo'rr ALESHIRE. 

